Цитата: если нужна отказоустойчивость.
Вообще-то она нужна всегда и всем. Людям от IT доступность сервисов нужна всегда - а отдельную плату за отказоустойчивость требуют бесстыжие торгаши, которые впаривают вместо ТОВАРА подделки под него и модельки, радующие глаз блондинок обоего пола.
А вот админу нужна гибкость, для оптимизации сетевых сервисов на ходу и защиты от собственных ошибок. HA дефолтного шлюза - средство для этой цели. Даже если начальство жмотится платить "за отказоустойчивость" .
Цитата: И лучше вместе с conntrackd.
А вот здесь можно подробнее? Не могу увязать смысл связки (который вроде понимаю) с теми шагами, которые следует проделать.
Цитата: Что касается маршрута для table 103, то он конечно прописан, но что-то я не наблюдаю правил для попадания пакета в соответсвующую таблицу.
Не уверен что следует разбираться с тем инстансом зентияла (хотя он у меня сохранён в снапшоте на всяк случай): я в лучших традициях виндузятника всё уже переустановил ))
Добавлено: Вот иптаблес от свеженастроенного зентияла. Что здесь бесспорные бестпрактисы. а что их отсебятина? Что бы Вы ещё сделать посоветовали?
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Код: # iptables -L
Chain INPUT (policy DROP)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
idrop all -- anywhere anywhere state INVALID
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
inospoof all -- anywhere anywhere
iexternalmodules all -- anywhere anywhere
iexternal all -- anywhere anywhere
inoexternal all -- anywhere anywhere
imodules all -- anywhere anywhere
iintservs all -- anywhere anywhere
iglobal all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp echo-request state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp echo-reply state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp destination-unreachable state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp source-quench state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp time-exceeded state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp parameter-problem state NEW
idrop all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain FORWARD (policy DROP)
target prot opt source destination
fdrop all -- anywhere anywhere state INVALID
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
fnospoof all -- anywhere anywhere
fredirects all -- anywhere anywhere
fmodules all -- anywhere anywhere
ffwdrules all -- anywhere anywhere
fnoexternal all -- anywhere anywhere
fdns all -- anywhere anywhere
fobjects all -- anywhere anywhere
fglobal all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp echo-request state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp echo-reply state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp destination-unreachable state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp source-quench state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp time-exceeded state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp parameter-problem state NEW
fdrop all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain OUTPUT (policy DROP)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
odrop all -- anywhere anywhere state INVALID
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
ointernal all -- anywhere anywhere
omodules all -- anywhere anywhere
oglobal all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp echo-request state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp echo-reply state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp destination-unreachable state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp source-quench state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp time-exceeded state NEW
ACCEPT icmp !f anywhere anywhere icmp parameter-problem state NEW
odrop all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain drop (15 references)
target prot opt source destination
DROP all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain fdns (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere dc.mydomain.lan state NEW udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere dc.mydomain.lan state NEW tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere google-public-dns-a.google.com state NEW udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere google-public-dns-a.google.com state NEW tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere google-public-dns-b.google.com state NEW udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere google-public-dns-b.google.com state NEW tcp dpt:domain
Chain fdrop (8 references)
target prot opt source destination
drop all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain ffwdrules (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain fglobal (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain fmodules (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
Chain fnoexternal (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
fdrop all -- anywhere anywhere state NEW
fdrop all -- anywhere anywhere state NEW
Chain fnospoof (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
fnospoofmodules all -- anywhere anywhere
fdrop all -- 10.1.1.0/24 anywhere
fdrop all -- 79.1.1.0/29 anywhere
fdrop all -- 195.1.1.1/30 anywhere
Chain fnospoofmodules (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
Chain fobjects (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
Chain fredirects (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
Chain ftoexternalonly (0 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere
fdrop all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain idrop (7 references)
target prot opt source destination
drop all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain iexternal (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:submission state NEW
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:4190 state NEW
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:imap2 state NEW
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:imaps state NEW
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:pop3 state NEW
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:pop3s state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssmtp state NEW
drop udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpts:10000:20000 state NEW
drop udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:5036 state NEW
drop udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:iax state NEW
drop udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:sip state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:1723 state NEW
ACCEPT gre -- anywhere anywhere state NEW
Chain iexternalmodules (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain iglobal (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:submission state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:4190 state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:imap2 state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:imaps state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:pop3 state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:pop3s state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:smtp state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssmtp state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpts:10000:20000 state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:5036 state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:iax state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:sip state NEW
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ldap state NEW
drop tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:6677 state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:domain state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:domain state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:bootps state NEW
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere udp dpt:tftp state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:ssh state NEW
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:https state NEW
Chain iintservs (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
Chain imodules (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:3128
Chain inoexternal (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
idrop all -- anywhere anywhere state NEW
idrop all -- anywhere anywhere state NEW
Chain inointernal (0 references)
target prot opt source destination
Chain inospoof (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
inospoofmodules all -- anywhere anywhere
idrop all -- 10.1.1.0/24 anywhere
idrop all -- 79.1.1.0/29 anywhere
idrop all -- 195.1.1.1/30 anywhere
Chain inospoofmodules (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
Chain log (0 references)
target prot opt source destination
RETURN all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain odrop (2 references)
target prot opt source destination
drop all -- anywhere anywhere
Chain oglobal (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT all -- anywhere anywhere state NEW
Chain ointernal (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere dc.mydomain.lan state NEW udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere dc.mydomain.lan state NEW tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere google-public-dns-a.google.com state NEW udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere google-public-dns-a.google.com state NEW tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere google-public-dns-b.google.com state NEW udp dpt:domain
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere google-public-dns-b.google.com state NEW tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:domain
ACCEPT udp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW udp dpt:domain
Chain omodules (1 references)
target prot opt source destination
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:smtp
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:www
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:www
ACCEPT tcp -- anywhere anywhere state NEW tcp dpt:https